Kluwer: Lupaka v. Peru: Rethinking the Boundaries of Attribution
Published on January 13, 2026
On 30 June 2025, the tribunal in ICSID Case No. ARB/20/46 (“Tribunal”) issued its final award (“Award”), ordering the Republic of Peru (“Peru”) to pay USD 40 million to a Canadian investor, Lupaka Gold Corp. (“Lupaka”), for damages arising out of the blockade and subsequent taking of a gold mine by the Rural Community of Parán (“Parán”).